The Headings and Labels benchmark evaluates the use of semantic headings and labels throughout an interface as a means of identifying logical sections and subsections of content, as well as identifying where user input might be required. This is tested by reviewing the underlying markup of the headings and labels that appear on the page to ensure that they can be programmatically identified by assistive technologies, and that any instructions or alerts essential to the completion of any forms or multi-step processes required by the user are described clearly in text and can be perceived by assistive technologies.
Conformance with this benchmark supports sighted users who perceive structure and relationships through visual cues such as headings, which are typically styled to set them apart from surrounding text, and assistive technology users who rely on programmatic headings and labels to effectively navigate between sections of content and input fields, even if the presentation or style of the interface is modified. The ability to reliably identify instructions or input field errors helps all users, especially those with limited vision or cognitive disabilities.
| Criteria Name | Criteria Description |
|---|---|
| 2.4.2 Page Titled | Web pages have titles that describe topic or purpose. |
| 2.4.6 Headings and Labels | Headings and labels describe topic or purpose. |
| 3.3.1 Error Identification | If an input error is automatically detected, the item that is in error is identified and the error is described to the user in text. |
| 3.3.2 Labels or Instructions | Labels or instructions are provided when content requires user input. |